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Vendors are winning the AI buy-vs-build debate

Benchmarking: Most firms say proprietary LLM tools make up less than half of their AI capabilities as they revaluate earlier bets on building in-house.

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When it comes to large language models, most firms are buying from third parties.

In WatersTechnology’s 2025 Data Management Automation benchmark study, 80% of participants reported that proprietary, or in-house, LLM tooling makes up less than half of their firms’ AI stacks.

While most firms appear to be sourcing LLMs from third parties, the similarities between AI strategies end there, with firms utilizing a diverse landscape of providers and set-ups. The findings also suggest that hybrid

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